Govind

Krishna, God incarnate's sermon to Arjun and everyone at Kurukshtra and all the world

 

CHAPTER I.

 

ARJUN’S   AGONY

 

Dhatrashtra : ‘O Lamentations ! My sons and my kingdom 

O Sanjay, dost thou bear good news ?

Though I am blind, yet I see !

  I see skies of crimson with blood pouring forth of warriors, men at arms

Arrows and Spears, and other weapons of the mighty

Cries of war, most cruel

Could that Duryodhan would have settled and shared a piece of land !

 

My heart awaits the sound of thy words

Speak, speak to this old heart, words of comfort

Speak ye the truth  and tell me the vision thou  seest with thine eyes.’

Sanjay :  ‘O mighty and wise king ! Thou seest, for I will be thine eyes ! And thine ears and paint a picture to thine inner eye,  for behold the land !

Strong, and rearing to thunder forth on their steed, the thunder that brings  terror to many

Behold, the earth on Kurukshetra shudder, sounds of trumpets and all other instruments that bring tremor to the skies that reach the heavens

Among them, foremost - son of Drupada and son of Subhadra; Yuyudhana,Virata,

And that is not all,  others also that bring fear to the  enemies - behold - most valiant,  among the valiants, the  king of Kashi

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And behold the opposers

Terror among terrors - the brothers Pandavas, each a leader  in their own prowess

Yudhistir, on whom the sun shines for he tells the truth and lives not with one lie

And Bhim, that can outdo any  wrestler

And Arjun, unmatched in his prowess, for no man has won him on his mighty bow

And the unrelenting brothers that win and win

 

Yet see, and see the army of thine son, leaders as of this mighty land

And leading them all,Duryodhan, with a long and sharp sword that yields to no one

 

The sun shines and shines and the heat gets stifling

All hopes of peace have poured off as in emptying of a bucket

The pail that cannot complain in its emptiness

As but the darkness is more when the light fades !

And in darkness, the long and eerie shadow fades as all is lost

 

The mighty bugle blows, and lo, see  the mighty chariot in the distance

But  who rides and who is the charioteer?

The white horses run as on an eagle’s wings or as  lions on their chase

The flag of Hanuman that flutters in the wind

As the wheels turn and the chariot grows,  God among Gods and the heavens behold

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nay, the sky is calm,  not a sound from anyone.

There is silence, and all are owed

On bended knees,  putting aside their arms and all look at him as to a father

And everyone knows, it is HIM, and only HIM, the Man in blue that  leads the horses

Yet leads not only the steeds but he leads  all Men

Aye, he leads -  all heavens and earth, and all  living creatures

He opens out the heaven and the light shines  for all

He speaks to those that will open their eyes, their hearts and their minds

And come on bended knees

 

But I digress.

 

For was it not the beauty of these  mighty Men that led me astray in my story ?

For the occupant was no other then mighty Arjun, the one in five

 

The chariot hastens, the dust cloud penetrates the still air

The wheels that turn, and the whirls,

The sounds that are heard from many a league

And behold, as the view clears on their approach

 

As blindfolds are lifted and the blessings of sight bestowed.

Leaders of all men,  the rider and the charioteer

Behold the Charioteer, not of the chariot but that of Man’s very soul

Remover of the curtains of the yuga of Kali,  salvation for all Men.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The blue Man of Yore,  the one with many names

Krishna, Keshava,  Madhusudana, Govinda, Gopallala, Nandlala, Yashoda’s prince

The death of Kansa ;Radha’s consort

The salvation of all who chant

Hare Krishan,  Hare Krishna , Krishna,  Krishna,  Hare,  Hare.

 

The reins are pulled, and the chariot stops

The steeds declare unwilling, the horses neigh

But stop it does, as the night goes and brightness descends,

And as the calm in the ocean steadies the boat

 

All is quiet  as the great ones descend

Arjun, the mighty warrior, eyes bright and menacing as they bring terror to his enemies

 

But lo, what do I see with mine own eyes ?

His eyes are downcast. There is torpor, clothing disheveled, the bow falls on earth with mighty thunder.

The skies themselves darken as if in sympathy.

 

Arjun looks up to the mighty Lord, with tears in his eyes, dejection written on his face

Melancholy, sorrow, despondency, despair, sadness, the epitome of grief

Like the skies open out and shed its mighty tears’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ‘Look !  Lord,  look !’ - sayeth Arjun -‘ On yonder I see warriors mighty, but their faces belie their mighty renown

Look , my teacher, the great Acharya - Drona, and look-my childhood friends

Bosom friends, fathers, in laws, grandfathers - all friendly, all lovable,

With graces that thou can hug and kiss and then  talk of yore

The very sky looks dark in agony; my heart trembles, my knees shake,

My view is dim, and my mind is  in torpor

To fight, to maim, even to kill - I want no part

To rule a kingdom bereft of these fine men

Show me the light, save the agony, and tell me I don’t need to fight

Most awful and foulsome death, pierce my heart with thine arrow and end this torment

Let me rest in peace on this holy soil.’

 

 

HEREIN ENDETH CHAPTER I -  ARJUN’S TORMENT AT KURUKSHTRTA.

 

‘Arjun-Vishad’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER  II 

 

CONSOLATION OF KRISHNA

 

Then Krishna descends, his eyes aglow with understanding

With a smile on his face and with outstretched hands

Not to bless but to comfort his bosom friend

To open the skies and glory shine

For Arjun, nay,  but for all Men that are but prepared to listen

 

Words of the mighty father himself

All Men and beast listen

Aye, even friends and foes, from the lowest to the mighty

The skies clear as if to lend an ear

 

‘Arjun, Oh Arjun !’, cries the Lord,

‘Mighty warrior, my bosom buddy for am I and you not  filled with same milk and honey?

My childhood was yours, and yours mine.

To thee I would lay my life

Therefore,heed to my words,for what appears is not always the truth

for tongues twist that which is true

and belie to bring forth the untrue to the fore and make  it believable

Therefore listen with thine ears open. Listen with thy heart and thy mind

 

Look to me,and only me, as thine salvation

Over the eons, I have told this truth to the sages, nay,  to all Men

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

But as the tide recedes, so also it recedes from Men’s mind

Man is body and soul,and though Man dies,he dies not

 

The soul is eternal.

It changes the body, as if to change clothes

It is destroyed not;  not by arms,or water, fire, or wind in any manner

It remains indestructible

 

Destiny is written and though death is certain to all that is born

Destroyer is not the destroyer as he thinks

Hence the warrior’s Dharma is to seize the day and follow his duty

Aye, if that be to kill, then be it so

For in truth he kills not

 

Arjun!  Arjun!!  Arjun!!! for if only thou will see this simple truth !

And if  thou  performs thy duty, thou will  obtain happiness

And is not happiness the flowering of duty?

Thus in performance of thine duty,

Does not goodness and contentment   radiate    in all directions ?

 

Thou sayest that thou will die. Aye, thou diest, but in death thou  conquerest a place in the heavens, a place in the firmament

As a bright star, the brightest amongst all stars.

Men and Women point with awe the brilliant star to their children

And the children to their children and so to eternity.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If  thou wins  the battle,thou winneth  the battle in glory

Thine ruling of  a kingdom of Men-brave, just, with all manner of achievements

And the Sun will shine in all it’s glory, and with it life, love, prosperity

And in hearts of Men, thy name will be in praise and on every tongue.

 

Control thy mind,thy soul and thy body

Awake,open thine eyes when all sleep

For is it not that the wise sleep when the ignorant awakes

And the wise who is awake when all are in darkness

What is it to open the  eyes in darkness for the blind when it unblinds not?

 

Thine  remorse is enveloped in thine cowardice

As  yon earth hides the mole

Arise, fear not, and be even in thine trepidation

Then, and only then will  thou obtain Moksha, the ultimate Nirvana

For is this not the promise of Heaven ?

 

Discard desires, live without pride

As in yon meadows all manner of animals graze in peace

The cows with their calves, the foals with the mares,

All live in harmony

As thou shall,fear not,for peace is thy right

More than the calf wishes to suck, does not the cow wish to suckle?

More than thou desireth peace, will not peace be bestowed unto thee?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lead on with thine battlecry; yea, with thine battlecry,  lead on

But be in thine wisdom  steadfast,

For though thou leadest, thou knowest in thine heart 

Win or lose is not in thine hands

As the fruit on yon trees may not be yours

 

Unbecoming are the shackles on a slave,

So indeed are thine shackles of evil and good deeds

Be equanimous in thy path and see the dawn break

The dawn with rays of the Sun

Only then wilst thou achieve the ultimate Yoga

And as the Sun shines, will the shadow not be behind you ?

 

Pleasures in senses is an abyss, for does it not lead to attachment, desire and hence anger?

Aye, thy doom would be written on thine forhead

As  yonder boat tosses and turns in stormy seas

The ocean of delusion, passion, loss of memory

And all  control is lost as the boat sinks into oblivion.

 

Peace, joy, contemplation, are the ultimate of wisdom

Which is thine salvation, as to the river the sea is the ultimate salvation

 

 

 

 

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Does it not offer ultimate comfort and peace

And complete and total dissolution that is bound to follow ?

Is it not the mighty wind that blows on the sail,

And make the ship weep like a child

Withdraw the sails and calm is restored

Withdraw from the senses, and is not the steadfast wisdom restored

And this,O Partha ! is the ultimate yoga.’

 

 

 

HEREIN  ENDETH CHAPTER II - THE SOLACE OF THE FATHER.

 

‘Sankhya-Yog.’

 

 

 

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CHAPTER III

 

RECONCILIATION OF KARMA AND KNOWLEDGE

 

Arjun said:‘My mind is confused and I see no path.

The darkness descends, and all direction is lost

Lord, wisdom, withdraw from senses, achieve yoga, perform no action

Aye,  how  shall I than do  my Karma - duty, when duty demands action?

Open my eyes Lord, fill me with light that I may follow the straight and narrow path to the ultimate heaven.’

 

The Lord said :

‘Mark the rut of thy wagon, are they not straight,narrow and in unision?

So are the two paths of spiritual discipline

One of wisdom and one of action

Together and in harmony, like a man and his woman

In symbiosis helping eachother to reach the peak of salvation

 

Denounce, do not act , let not the sun rise at dawn !

Aye, for even the Sun rises and it sets

So even if action is  renounced as one sits idly on the bank of the river

Does not the river flow relentlessly, incessantly and follow its discipline?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The bird that sits idly by the flowing river

renouncing his right, nay his duty

Will that bird then get the worm and feed the chicks?

Karma is action like yon reed that floats on the water

Can the reed not follow the water

Though the path may be laid with thorns?

 

Action, work, Karma, aye, this is all you can do

Just as the  oxen ploughs the land,or the donkey works the well

Blind is he to the reward, even the thoughts of it is anathema

 

Be like these animals and let thy sweat be in all honesty thine reward

Be a reed and follow the water and sing in harmony with the babble of the water

Heaven will be thy reward, as night follows day and the sun shines on the firmament.

 

Break thine shakles, the chains of bondage that link thee to

greed, desire, anger, attachment, passion (Rajas)

As these are  the weak links that bind to the mind, intellect, nay, thy very soul?

 

Does not the cloud darken the earth?

Does not the smoke smother the fire?

Destroy these covers, covers of desires  and the enemy of wisdom

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As a baby opens it’s eyes to the brightening sky

As if it frees itself of delusion, false hopes, and a myriad of vices

Be like the baby, open thine eyes, fight thine fight no matter how humble

As the reed is not jealous of the mighty oak tree

For to them both, the reed and the tree

Does not the rustle of the wind play the same sweet music?’

 

 

 

HEREIN  ENDETH CHAPTER III -  ACTION AND UNDERSTANDING

 

‘Karma-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER IV

 

‘ THOU ART IN MY SHADE ‘

 

GOD said :

‘Behold ! When the road reaches  rockbottom, and all the good destroyed

And all that is evil raises its ugly head

I come as yon the shaft of ray that reveals the rising sun

And help thee break thine shakles

Aye, break the shakles and free thee from fear, passion, anger

 

I  hug thee to my bosom as mine own son

Come to me with thine wisdom and I will reward thee

Clear the smoke of thy confusion that troubles and perplexes thee

As yon fire destroys and also brings forth light

 

Trust, have faith, love me in all thy wisdom and I shall reward thee accordingly

I will appear as day follows night

and shine in my glory

Not only for thee but all Mankind

In truth I depart this knowledge  to thee as I gave it originally to the Sun

 

Behold ! I radiate for thee and destroy the dark evil

Clear thy mind of fear, passion, anger

And fill it with wisdom

And break the thread that binds thee to the circle of life

The inexhaustible circle of birth and death which leads to total confusion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Be wise and knowledgeable

Come to me in thy wisdom

And I will reward thee with Moksha

And lay thee down in tranquility

As in yon  meadow under the sun.

 

Know this in thine wisdom and thine wisdom will set thee free

As in yon distant coop the bird is restless

And does it not grow wings to fly off ?

As the fire of knowledge burns off sin, confusion

and in truth, fly again like a phoenix

Straight into my very heart.

 

Let thy soul be thy guide and show thee the way

And learn thine wisdom in reverance, service and devotion.’

 

HEREIN  ENDETH CHAPTER IV -  THE SHADE OF THE MIGHTY TREE

 

‘Jnan-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER  V

 

YOGA OF ACTION

 

Krisjna the radiant said

‘Arjun, behold the mighty sails on the mighty ship!

Does not the mighty cloth  of  the mighty ship resist the wind?

Yet the cloth is made with hands holding a dainty needle and dainty threads

Are the threads not of many varieties?

Just so are the many paths of thine salvation

 

Karma of action, Karma of inaction, renunciation-thou has to choose

Choose and learn thine Yoga, become a Yogi and thou will find a place in my heart

 

As the dawn is an anticipation, a promise that leads to an achievement

And as the dawn breaks, let the direction of the light of the morn point thee to the lighted path

 

Yet the life giving Sun has thy welfare at heart - it seeks not, it wants not but only thine welfare

Like the Sun, be not a seeker of anything

Concentrate in the centre of thine forehead and be jealous of none

 

Control thy mind and thine senses and thine involvement in thine Karma is shaken off

As the water on yon swan’s back

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

To renounce is to break yon shakles

Shakles of  desires and hatred and follow the paths  of Knowledge or Action

The paths are like thine eyes or ears

Do they not help and elevate eachother

 

Thou needest no eyes

As the vision that unfolds is like a rainbow

And thou knowest thine salvation is thy reward

 

Behold thy image in all and the image of all in thee

Renounce or perform thine Karma

walk the straight path, purify thy soul , control thy mind and thine senses

Will  that not lead thee  to the almighty and the beautiful,

the ultimate Brahman?’

 

 

HEREIN  ENDETH CHAPTER V - THE YOGA OF ACTION

 

‘Karmasanyas-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER VI

 

‘ACHIEVE YOGA AND BECOME A YOGI’

 

Arjun’s  agony was unabated

He cried rivers of tears that even Nature’s downpour cannot compete

Arjun  said: ‘Lord, I still see red

Yon earth, skies, whole armies, nay even my very hands

All the blood shed in innocence!

I see an army of vultures circling above

Awaiting a feast as they partake in this slaughter.’

 

Then Krishna bent over in understanding

took his dear friend’s hand to his bosom

Revealing in his eyes his sympathies

Controlling a flood of emotions for his dear dear friend

 

And the LORD of creation  said :

‘Lament not for what is to happen

for it is beyond thy control

Behold the squirrel that gathers acorns in the shade of a tree

The acorns that will feed,  protect and sustain it  in the winter

Thy life is like yon squirrel’s, gather the acorns of wisdom and Karma and become a Sanyasi

And thine  treasures will be thine ultimate heaven

Though thou labours on without wishing for the fruits as thine reward

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thine  friends are not thine wife, or thine children, or thine worldly possessions

Thine friend is thy very soul

Control it and thou will sit with it in yon shade

Do not control it and it will destroy thee with fire and burn thee to ashes

 

Lift thyself with thy very devotion

And thine soul like an eagle will  soar in the firmament

And yet control it not and it will burn  thy very self to soot and ashes

 

Be like a thousand winds that blow

With a swift uplifting rush to the birds in the sky

Achieve selfmastery and thou will be serene in face of cold, heat, pleasure, pain, honour, dishonour

Very like the  serenity of the mountain and the streams

As Nature’s sunlight fills it with warmth and abundance

 

Will thou not become a Yogi and sit in harmony in my heart?

 

When a piece of earth, stone, or gold is the same to you in thy wisdom

Harmonized by Yoga, thou wilt see thyself in all and all in thee

Even the smallest insects to the mighty elephant

And in thine ultimate Yoga

Will thou not see me everywhere

And everyone in me?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Follow thy Karma as  yon water in the waterfall

The turbulent water incessantly and continuously falls

Yet does not the water follow its simple duty?

Yet do not let  the slippery path of the water  drag thee to thy doom

 

Feel equally  the laughter of a child or the suffering of the dying

And  thou  will  be a Yogi  amongst  all  Yogis  and be  one  with  me,    O Arjun!’

 

Arjun said: ‘Lord, I behold a dark angry sea with tumultuous waves

The waves of the restless mind

How can then one overcome this impossible rage

with just a feeble and impotent wish ?

How  can one control the mighty wind, the stormy sea, and other forces of Nature?’

 

GOD Said:

‘O son of Kunti, mighty armed,  my favorite disciple

The mind is a mighty Tornado, an uncontrollable sand dune

Destroying thy mind, thine body, indeed thy very self

As on yonder a moth runs into the flame willingly

Or a horse runs into a burning barn with destruction  in its wake

 

But curb  these disasters you must, lest they destroy thee

By constant practice at constraint and dispassion

As the uncontrollable steeds are controlled with strong reins

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And behold - peace, light,and love will shine again

as the restless sea is calmed once more’

 

 

HEREIN ENDETH CHAPTER VI - SEEING HARMONY IN ALL

 

‘Atmasanyam-Yog.’

 

 

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CHAPTER VII

 

COME TO KNOW ME

 

Krishna, The Almighty said :

‘Know me and indulge in me,O Partha,

As yon baby loves its mother or the fawn is dependant on  the doe

 

Let me enlighten thee to climb the mountain

The mountain of life, with sure footing

And help thee sweep all doubts away

When thou gaineth this knowledge, thou need to  know not else

 

This knowledge will clear the mists and let the light shine

For thee, aye, but also for all Mankind

For many a Man grope in darkness and not see the light

 

And as yon fields are ripe with grain because of the life giving rays of the Sun

My rays are in all

Land, water, fire, air, firmament, mind, understanding and the sense of the ‘I’

 

I am the invisible like -  mind, thought, love

but like yon those hills, mountains and streams

I am also visible

Know this as my dual nature, O Partha!

And thus thou will know me in thy soul, nay, in thy very being

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I begin all things, but also to their ultimate consummation

I end them

 

Behold the pearls in a necklace

Does not the thread hold it together ?

It is I who holds the universe as one whole

 

See the life giving light of the Sun

The beauteous nature of the moon’s rays

The laughter of a child, the valor of the mighty

These are all me

As yon cup brimful of water runneth over

So does my love for thee

I am the OM of the Vedas, sound in silence, heroism in Men

I live in all things living and unliving

As they also repose in my  heart

 

Behold the seed in the unfolding flower

Does it not unfold the living life

I am as yon flower

And I renew life everlasting

 

Let thine desires be like yon Myrtle that breathes its fragrance in the air

The desires that are pure and unselfish

I am the fragrance,embracing all that is good, truth, beauty and joy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The three Gunas are like yon three threads that pervades thy soul

The first thread is of peace and peaceful light

Tumultuous, restless, evermoving life is the second one

While the third one is lifeless darkness

All are in me but I am not in them

Comprehend this and thou will comprehend all

Behold the Man that has vision

For he in his vision shines

As he loves me so also I  love him.

 

The Man whose eyes filleth over with sorrows

And the Man who seeks knowledge in truth

and turns the flame into a mighty fire

And the Man who in his greed seeks a treasure

All these pray to me and I hear their sweet sound

And all these Men are dear to my heart

 

Behold, to my house  are many doors

that thou may enter with different offerings

A fruit, a flower, nay, a blade of grass or a banana leaf

And I acccept these with grace and beauty

 

 

Know me as the Imperishable and the Supreme

Open thine inner eye and my mystery shall be unveiled

I was never born and forever I am

Do not see with thine mortal eyes

For they show you a delusion

A delusion of division,desire,and hate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Like shadows of all living things are shadows of the sun

These are also shadows, shadows of thine soul

And do the shadows not disappear under a cloud

Come under my shade and I will wipe out thine shadows of delusion

 

Worship me with thine soul

And wash off thine sins

Don new clothes of harmony, peace and see me at the end

And the light of Brahman, Atman and Karma shall be unfolded to thee

As a Lotus is to the Sun.’

 

Herin endeth Chapter VII - Come to know HIM.

 

‘Vijnan-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER VIII

 

‘ATTAINING ME’

 

‘The mist of my mind clears as I lay my head to thy feet

Yet my mind is a swirl,’ Said Arjun ,‘with a million doubts in the whirlwind.

Enlighten me, O Krishna, tell me about Brahman, Atman, Karma, Supreme Spirit, Kingdoms of earth and that of Light

How do I offer thee my sacrifice

 

When I close my eye and the curtain closes once and for all

How will my soul enchanted know thee in total harmony?’

 

The LORD said:

‘Let me clear thine doubts once and for all

As at dawn the sun shines and dispels darkness

And lets the sweet music of the melodious brook be heard once again

 

I am Brahma,one eternal God

While my being is called Adhyatman

And Karma the force of my fountain,

Which gives all living things their energy

And I am Adhibuta, the lord of all lives

And I am Purusha, the one who begets

And I am called Adhidaiva, the Lord of Lords

And I am Adhiyajna, Lord of sacrifice.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

When the curtain closes and darkness falls for ever

And  with thy mind and  body, nay, thy very soul  set on me

I will absorb thee as yon ocean absorbs the stream and the river

Hence think of me, and only me, and  train thy mind and thine reaon in thine Yoga, and fight,

And thou shall achieve the Ultimate spirit of  Light

 

Thine knowledge of me will pass all understanding

For I am the Universe, and the worlds rest on me

Behold the taste of the living waters, the light of the Sun and the Moon

OM, the sacred word of the Vedas, sounds of silence and the heroism of all men

The brightness of the fire, fragrance of the earth

The life of the living and in the austerity of some Men

Everlasting seed of Eternal life,intelligence of the intelligent

And the beauty of the beautiful

Behold all these in me and I in them

For they are one and the same

 

The three Gunas are in me but I am not in them

(peaceful light, restless life and lifeless darkness )

 

Behold the clouds that form the shadows of the soul

Shadows of delusion, evil,

Arjun, dispel the cloud and I will shine for you

 

The Man with Visions of true eternity seek me,

And in truth I love him

Lesser Men also seek me - one with sorrows, seeker of knowledge and the seeker of something he treasures

And I love them all

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discard other Gods and pray only to me

And surely thine reward will be me

And thou will never return to the world of Human sorrow

 

Even the day of the great creator Brahma will pass away

Though each day is a thousand ages

And in the day visible creation arises from the invisble

As in rising of the Sun

And with the approach of darkness

it once again returns to the invisible

So is thine life - disappearing and reappearing

But beyond this cycle is state Eternal

It is a state of the everlasting and my abode

Open the door of everlasting love

And thou shall never have to return to this cycle

 

Behold the road, for it divides

One is of light and of the Yogi who departs in  flame, the light of the day,and the bright weeks of the moon

And it achieves the state eternal

While the cycle is for the one who departs in smoke, night

or the days of dark weeks of the moon

Tthis is the path that is  of darkness

 

Know these dual paths

and thou will nevermore live in delusion

 

Though other rewards come from the Vedas,sacrifice, austre life, and holy gifts’

 

Herein endeth Chapter VIII - Attaining Salvation.

 

‘Aksharaparabrahma-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER IX

 

‘WHO AM I’

 

‘Behold the dissolution of the clouds of supreme mystery

with faith,wisdom and purification

Know this that the Univserse comes from my invisible being

And all beings have their rest in me, but I do not rest in them

I bring forth all creation which rolls around in circles of time

and Nature brings forth and also stops all movements

 

Know me and love me

I shall count the ways you may love me

Praise me in thine devotion, in thine vows be strong

Be in thine harmony as sweet music

In thine sacrifice thou will see the spirit of thy vision

I am holy words, food and the holy fire in sacrifice

I am the father and creator of this universe,the holy OM and the three Vedas

I am the mountain that gives thee shelter and abode of peace

I am the beginning, middle and end of all things

Thine seed of Eternity, thine treasure supreme

I send forth heat of the Sun, and send and withold rain

I am life immortal and death

Pray to me and not the pleasures of the Three Vedas

In thine food, giving or offering in adoration

And whatever thou suffers, suffer it for me

And I shall relieve thee from the bonds of thine Karma

In this world of sorrow, which is transient, love me

and thou shall achieve my abode

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In short, Arjun

Give me thy mind, heart,offerings, adoration, and thy soul in total harmony

And in truth thou shall come to me.’

 

Herein endeth Chapter IX-Knowledge of and Devotion to the Creator.

 

‘Rajavidyarajaguhya-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER X

 

‘HIS ABUNDANCE’

 

 

Krishna’s eyes were welded to Arjun’s in total sympathy, and he said :

‘Arjun, my heart is joyful that thou shows this desire, and mark you my word

Many Gods and seers know not my birth, and the Man who knows me as without beginning,unborn,Lord of the world, is freed from delusions and evil.

Mortal conditions that arise from me are Intelligence,spritual vision,victory over delusion,forgiveness,truth,self harmony, peacefulness,joy and sorrow, to be and not to be, fear and freedom from fear, harmlessness and non-violence, ever quietness, satisfaction, austerity,generosity,honor and dishonor,

From my mind arose the seven seers of times immemorial, and the four founders of the human race

 

As thou lifts thy lantern in harmony and sing my glory

I shall light it with peace,joy and the Yoga of Vision

And thou will be a flute through which my breath will pass for all Mankind.

Arjun said ‘Like the seers, I have faith in thy words

thou art Super Brahman,Light supreme, supreme purifier, divine eternal spirit, unborn God from the beginning, omnipresent Lord

My joy and knowledge of thine powers is insatiable

and I wish the Lantern to be brighter.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Krishna : ‘In truth, I dwell in the heart of all things.

I am the beginning, the middle and the end to all lives

Among the sons of light I am Vishnu, the radiance of the Sun, and light of the moon

I am Veda of the Vedas; I am the mind and light of consciousness

My powers of destruction are beyond understanding

I am the divine priest,and the warrior among warriors

And of lakes, I am the vast ocean

And of word, I am OM the word of eternity

Of prayers I am the prayer of silence

And I am the horse of Indra, and Airavata of elephants

I am the thunderbolt and also love

And I am the king of Men

And I am Ram, the warrior supreme

Of sounds, I am the first sound -A

In short, all things living and not living, things movable and not movable, I am in all of them’

 

Herin Endeth Chapter 10 - ‘knowledge of ME for thine salvation.’

 

‘Vibhuti Yog’

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER XI

 

‘UNIVERSAL FORM’

 

Arjun said :

‘The clouds of my delusion clear with thy words and I know the secret supreme of thy spirit

I imagine thine greatness and the coming and going of beings from you

But my devout wish is to see your truth with mine own Eyes’

The Lord in his ultimate power said :

Indeed my form is incomrehensible

For I have  innumerable forms of shapes and colors

I am the God of the Sun,of fire and light,storm and lightening

And the two luminous charioteers of heaven

I am the universe

But like the owl who is blind to the mysteries of light and cannot explain  light

Thou cannot see my form

But behold I shall give thee divine sight that thou may see my wonder and glory.’

Sanjay: ‘Thus spoke the Lord and what a divine sight did Arjun see !

He saw a sight that defies description

He saw a countless vision of wonder, eyes on innumerable faces, many celestial ornaments,and heavenly weapons

Beautiful garlands and vestures,the Divinity facing all directions

And a light of a thousand Suns

Radiance of the whole Universe

And unity in the body of the God of Gods’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arjuna was in total awe and adoration, and with a trembling voice he addressed the Lord and said :

‘Thy majesty is truly indescribable !

I see Brahma on the lotus, and Vishnu, and the mighty Mahesh with his trident

Thine arms,words,visions and thine fire of life through innumerable bodies

I see infinity with no beginning,middle nor the end

Thine splendour and infinity illuminates the whole universe

I see thine crown,sceptre and circle

I see  the imperishable, the highest End of knowledge

I see sages,saints,hosts of Gods join their palms in awe and wonder

And praise thee with songs of glory

I see the Rudras,Vasus,Sadhyas,Adityas,the Maruts,the Ushmapas of spirits,celestial choir of Gandharvas, the Yakshas and the Siddhas

Thine form is truly frightful and I as a mortal tremble in my body and my heart shakes in terror

Like moths rushing to the fire

I see great warriors enter thy mouth

The flames from thy mouth devour all the worlds

My small mind understands not all this,O Krishna

Tell me in simple terms that I may behold thee and love thee.’

Krishna, the owner of the Universe said :

‘I am all powerful time that destroys all things

And thine enemy’s Karma is already written

They are all doomed to die

Therefore fight thou thine fight and conquer the enemy in battle’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arjun controlled his trembling, bowed in adoration and with a faltering voice said :

‘Lord, it is right that people sing thy praises in adoration

The spirits fly away in fear, and all saints bow down before thee

Thou art the creator,infinite, eternal and refuge of the world

Thou art the God in Man with full of goodness and joy

I grew up with thee and called you a friend

And a friend you were, but my eyes have opened now

They have opened wide and I see

I see thou as a true Lord, while I am the servant

To do thine bidding in all reverance

 

Lord, I tremble, for I have seen thine true form

But I miss my friend of yore

The friend I spent my childhood with

Will thou not revert to thine human mortal form once again?’

Krishna reverting to his human form said :

‘Thou has seen today that which no man has seen or will see

Not Vedas,sacrifices, studies,benefactions,rituals,austerities

none of these will show the vision of my true form,

thou greatest of the Kurus’

Sanjay : ‘O Dhatrashtra, it was thus that the Lord returned to his human form, and settled Arjun’s mind’

Arjun:‘Thank you Lord, I am at peace with my nature restored’

Krishna: ‘Thou,and only thou has seen me in thy vision

but all who work for me, love me and all my creation, and frees himself from all attachments, comes in truth to me.’

Herein endeth Chapter XI

‘Universal form.’

‘Vishvarupdarshan.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XII

 

‘DEVOTIONAL SERVICE’

 

Arjun, the seer of the light said:

‘Lord, who are the true Yogis, those that worship thee as God immanent, or those that worship thee as the Transcendent and Imperishable?’

And the Lord said:

‘The best Yogi is one who worships me with unshakable faith and love

He is the Yogi supreme

Also those that are in harmony and seek joy in the good of others and worship the Imperishable,Infinite,Transcendent unmanifested,omnipresent,beyond all thought, immutable,neverchanging and the ever one

Hence recognising me as End Supreme, surrendering all works to me and adore me and meditate on me with pure love, and I shall deliver thee from the cycle of death, and life and death

Concentrate, meditate, surrender the fruits of thine labor, be good and compassionate, be at peace in pleasures and sorrow and be ever forgiving

I love him who lusts not for things, who is beyond good or evil, who loves enemies and friends, who is beyond heat or cold, free from pleasure or pain, and is free from attachments, whose soul is the same in honor or disgrace, whose soul is balanced in  blame and praise and is happy in whatever he has

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I hold dear those with faith and hold me as End supreme and hear only words of truth and come to the water of everlasting life.’

 

Herein endeth Chapter XII

Religion of faith

‘Bhakti -Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XIII

 

‘KNOW THY BODY AND SOUL’

 

Arjun said: ‘O Krishna, everthirsting for knowledge, I stand before the ocean of thine wisdom. Tell me about Prakriti, Purusa, ksetra, and ksetrajna, knowledge , and the object of knowledge.’

Krishna replied:‘This knowledge is difficult to understand, but to thee, my best student, is not difficult and I shall tell thee.

The body is the field, and one who understands the body is the knower of the field.

The body is the field of activity for the entrapped soul, the soul chained to material nature, and indeed he tries to break these shakles, with caring rather then tearing, for salvation.

The unconditioned soul wants  to gratify the  senses given to the body.

Arjun, the five elements - the thought of the ‘I’, consciousness, subconsciousness, five powers of feeling and five of action with one mind over them and five are the fields of self perception.

The light shall be brighter as thou understands the field in thy wisdom, and the knowledge is the End of wisdom as thou will enter my bliss.

Know hence the field :

Desire, aversion, pleasure, pain, mental unification, intelligence, courage

Humbleness, sincerity, harmlessness, forgiveness, uprightness, devotion to spiritual master, purity, steadiness, self-harmony

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Freedom from lust of senses, absence of ‘I’ perception in sorrows of birth, death, old age, disease and suffering

Freedom from attachments even of wife, children, home, evenness of mind in pleasant and unpleasant events

pure love for me,avoiding noisy places and seeking solitude

and a vision of truth which gives liberation

Know this and thou will go beyond death and achieve the state of Brahman

Without beginning are Prakriti,Nature,Purusha, and spirit

Gunas as well as all material things  arise from Nature

The spirit of Man who feels Nature everchanging and if he binds himself to it,good or evil fate whirls him round through life-in-death

But the spirit supreme in Man is beyond that

By yon Yoga of Meditation or work and by the grace of the spirit will see his true spirit in a vision of truth

But others who do not know but in truth hear from the wise also cross beyond death

And he sees the truth knows the Lord is the same and immortal, and sees God in himself and also in all, and hurts not himself by hurting others

Also that work is only the work of Nature, and the Spirit watches this work

He becomes one with Brahman when he knows that infinity in all abides in one, and all is evolved from one

Without beginning and free from change, imperishable is the Supreme Spirit. Though he is in the body, not his is the work of the body, and he is pure from imperfections of work

As omnipresent Ether is pure so is the Spirit dwelling in all matter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And like the Sun gives light to all things so the Lord gives light to the Field

With thine inner Eye see the vision of the difference between the field from the knower of the field

And see the liberation of spirit from matter,and go into the

supreme.’

 

 

Herein endeth Chapter XIII

Nature, Enjoyer and Consciousness

‘Kshetrakshetrajnavibhag-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XIV

 

THREE MODES OF MATERIAL NATURE

 

The LORD continued :

‘Let me open thine eyes to supreme wisdom

Know it and thou will become a part of me

I am the seed in the vastness of Nature

Hence I am the mother and the father

Let me tell you the Three Gunas and know them well

They are clouds, clear them and you will clear the matter which darkens the Sun of the spirit

The first one is Sattvic-it is pure like a light and gives health of life and binds to earthly happiness and lower knowledge

And makes the portals of the body’s dwelling shine with wisdom

And at death, the soul goes to the pure regions of those who are seeking Truth

From pure harmony wisdom arises leading one to follow the path and  climb on high

The second one is Rajsic or fire and it is the nature of passion and a source of thirst and attachment, binding the soul to action and emanating forth greed, busy activity,many undertakings,unrest and the lust of desire

And at death he is reborn among those who are bound by their restless activity and all work brings pain and follows the level path

While Tamsic is the third one- it is darkness of the souls of Men

As it is born of ignorance it binds to sleepy dullness

It is overclouding of wisdom binding to lack of vigilance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And darkness,inertia,negligence, delusion prevails

And that man  is reborn in the womb of the irrational

and sink down to the lower path

Sometimes Sattvic may prevail over Rajsic and Tamsic, at others Rajsic over Tamsic and Sattvic and at other times Tamsic over Sattvic and Tamsic

When a Man of vision sees that the powers of nature are the only actors of this vast drama, and he beholds that which is beyond the powers of nature then he comes into my being

And when he goes beyond the three conditions of nature which constitute his mortal body then, free from birth,old age,death and sorrow, he enters into immortality’

Arjun’s mind was clearer and he asked :

‘How does one know the Man who has gone beyond the three posers of nature? How does he transcend the three and what is his path?’

Krishna explained further and said :

‘He who hates not light, nor busy activity or darkness when they are near, or does not long for when they are far

and is unperturbed by changing conditions, remains firm and unshaken for he knows that powers of nature go around

He dwells in his inner self and regards pleasure and pain the same; to whom gold or stones or earth are the same, being equanimous in praise or blame and his mind stays steady and quiet

He is the same in honour or disgrace, and has same love for friends and enemies

This man has gone beyond the three

and he in adoration and love for me is one with Brahman, the ONE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Know this in truth Arjun that I am the abode of Brahman, the fountain of everlasting life.

The law of righteousness is my law and my joy is infinite joy.’

 

Herein endeth Chapter XIV-the three Gunas

 

‘Gunatrayavibhag-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XV

 

THE TREE OF LIFE

 

Krishna : ‘Have you and I not played under the Asvattha tree, the mighty and everlasting tree of transmigration with roots highest,branches below with leaves that sing melodious songs of the Vedas?

The branches that face the heavens and ask its blessings in supplication as nature provides them with life. The buds are the pleasures of life and the roots that bind mortal Men to their selfish actions.

Only the wise see the changing form, its beginning and end,  and knows where the roots are

Cut this tree with dispassion and follow the path from which you never return, knowing thou took refuge in the stream of the eternal spirit arising from creation at the beginning

Break thine shakles of pride,delusion,attachments,selfish desires, free from pleasure or pain,and see the pure vision with soul ever in the inner spirit, all selfish desires gone and thou will reach the abode of Eternity, where my glory fades the light of the Sun and the Moon

A spark of my spirit becomes the soul drawing in the five senses and the mind resting in nature

The Lord of the body comes and also when departing takes away the soul as yon myrtle loses its fragrance into space

Consciouness enjoys as it watches over the mind and its senses-ear,eye,touch,taste and smell

And only the pure at heart  have  wisdom and see it

All light comes from me and with my love I support all things on earth

I sustain life in all things and I provide wisdom and memory to all

I am the knower and knowledge of the Vedas, and I am the creator of their ends-the Vedanta

Beyond the two spirits in the Universe- the perishable and the imperishable is the Spirit Supreme

And know this Arjun, I am the Spirit Supreme

And if you know this and adore me for it, thou will see the light  and thine task in this world is done’

 

Herein endeth Cahapter XV-the tree of life

 

‘Purushottamprapti-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XVI

 

THE TWO NATURES

 

The Lord said :

‘Arjun,my favorite pupil, I shall now explain to you the divine and demoniacal natures in Men

The Man of divine nature is born for heaven, and his nature is as follows :

Nonviolence,truth,freedom from anger,renunciation,serenity, aversion from fault finding, sympathy for all beings, peace from greedy cravings,gentleness,modesty,steadiness

Freedom from fear,purity of heart,constancy in sacred learning and contemplation, generosity, self-harmony, adoration, study of the scriptures, austerity, righteousness

energy,forgiveness,fortitude, purity, a good will, freedom from pride

These virtues help a Man break the harness and the chain of his soul

Now let me tell you of a Man that will  slide into hell :

The one who has deceitfulness, insolence, self conceit, anger, harshness and ignorance

He knows not what should be done and what should not be done

He does not have good conduct or purity of the soul or the truth

He says ‘This world has no truth, no moral foundation, no God. There is no law of creation. The cause of birth is naught but lust.”

He indeed works for the destruction of the world

His soul is tortured with insatiable desires and full of deceit, insolence and pride, he holds fast to his dark ideas, and carries on his impure work

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

He is beset with innumerable cares which lasts his life

He only aims for highest sensual enjoyment

He is bound by vain hopes.

Anger and lust is his refuge

He strrives by unjust means to amass wealth for his own cravings.

He slays his enemies unjustly

With false pride he thinks he is of noble birth, he makes benefactions and follows religious rituals, all in his dark delusions

He is entangled in the web of delusion with wrong thoughts,chained to the pleasure of cravings, he falls down into foul hell

He offers wrong sacrifices and against divine law

He in fact hates God

And God hurls him down to destruction

He is continuously reborn to lower lives of this Sansar

The death of the soul has three gates to this hell

These are gates of lust, wrath, and greed

Reject these three and thou will follow the Path Supreme

Follow the scriptures as  it tells you what is right and what is not.

 

Herin endeth Chapter XVI-Divine and Demoniac Natures

 

‘Sraddhatrayavibhag-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

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CHAPTER XVII

 

WHAT IS FAITH

 

Arjun said :

‘Krishna, what happens to the one who offers sacrifices full of faith but forsakes the scriptures.What is his condition  - Is it  of light, fire or darkness (Sattvic, Rajsic or Tamsic)?’

Krishna said :

‘The faith of a Man follows his nature, and as is the faith, so is he

Sattvic worships the Gods of light, while the Rajsic worships the God of fire and wealth while the Man who is Tamsic is in  darkness and worships ghosts and spirits of the night, and these are selfish and false and are moved by their lusts and perform austerities not ordained by sacred books

There are also three kinds in each of th following :

food,sacrifice, harmony and gifts

Purity of mind draws food that are pure,that gives health, mental power, strength and long life. It has taste, is soothing and nourishing and makes the heart glad

Rajsic likes foods that are  acid and sharp, salty and dry, foods that bring heaviness,sickness and pain

The food of Tamsic is stale, tasteless,rotten and is often left overnight, impure and is unfit for holy offerings

A sacrifice is done with purity and with a heart wanting to do its duty, and done with adoration and with the holy law and is done in harmony

With reverance for the Gods of light, for the twice born, for the teachers of the spirit and for the wise and in harmony which is purity, righteousness, chastity and non-violence

The sacrifice is Rajsic and impure when it is done for reward or for vainglory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The sacrifice of darkness is when it is done against the holy law,faith or sacred words, gift of food or holy offerings

       The words     that are  good ,  beautiful, and give peace as well as the reading of holy books and quietness of mind,silence, self harmony, loving kindness and with a pure heart- these are a harmony of the mind. This harmony is pure when it is practiced with supreme faith with no desire for a reward and with oneness of soul

It is Rajas when it is unstable and uncertain and is done with false austerity, for the sake of reputation,honor and reverance and is impure

When self control is self-torture due to dullness of the mind and when it hurts another, then self control is darkness

Again a gift is pure when it comes from the heart and is given to the right person at the right time and the right place, expecting nothing in return

Rajas gift is impure when something in return or a reward is expected or it is given unwillingly

It is darkness when it is given to the wrong person at the wrong time, with proud contempt and is not given from the heart

OM TAT SAT,representing Brahman from whom came Brahmins,the Vedas and sacrifice

With OM the lovers of Brahman and those seeking liberty begin the work of sacrifice,gift or selfharmony

With the word TAT all work is done with renunciation of all reward

It is SAT when the work is well done and for what is true at the end but work done is ASAT when it is done without faith and leads to nothing in this world and the world to come.

Herin endeth Chapter XVII-Faith

‘Sraddhatrayavibhag-Yog.’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER XVIII

 

RENUNCIATION

 

Arjun : ‘Tell me of the difference between renunciation and surrender’

Krishna in his glory and patience said :

‘Surrender of selfish works is renunciation. Even then some action such as works of sacrifice,gift and self harmony should not be abondoned-as these are works of purification. These should be done in freedom of a pure offering and without expecting a reward. Abandoning this duty is Rajas and is impure.

Surrender of all expectation of a reward is true surrender

And surrender of holy works is a delusion and is of darkness

when work is done for a reward brings pleasure or pain

But the man who does work in Eternity, O Arjun, has Eternity as his reward

Five causes of action is given in the Sankhya wisdom wherein  the end of all works is found.

These are :

The body, the lower ‘I am’, the means  of perception, the means of action and fate

All thought, all word, all deed(good or bad ) are of these five sources of action

Arjun, freed from the chains of selfishness and ill will, even if thou killest these warriors, thou in reality kills not.

The knowing, the doer and the things done are the Gunas of three kinds

When one sees Eternity in things that pass away, and infinity in the finite, that Man has pure knowledge

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One has impure knowledge when one sees diversity with divisions and limitation in things

It is darkness of ignorance when one sees a thing as if it were everything independent of the ONE and the many

That work is pure when it is done as sacred,unselfishly and with a pure mind without lust or hate. This form of work is Sattvic

A man should not abandon work even if it is not achieved in full perfection, because in all work there may be imperfection as there may be smoke with fire

When a man has his reason in freedom from bondage and his soul in harmony,beyond desires, then renunciation leads to a region supreme which is beyond earthly action

The man whose vision of reason is clear and in steadiness the soul in harmony, when the world of sound and other senses is gone, and the spirit has risen above passion and hate,achieves the region supreme

It is impure when it is done with a selfish desire, feeling it is an effort or thinking it is a sacrifice

It is darkness when it is done with a confused mind and without regard to consequences. That work is impure

The Rajas is the man who is passionate, works to selfish ends and is greedy and violent

The Sattvic is he who is free from attachments,from the lower ‘I am’ has determination,perseverance and has inner peace beyond victory or defeat

And he is Tamsic when he is wothout self-harmony,vulgar, self arrogant,deceitful, malicious,indolent, despondent and a procastinator

 

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That is a wisdom when one knows when to go and when to return, what is to be done and what is not to be done, what is fear and what is courage, and what is bondage and what is liberation

It is impure wisdom and of darkness what one knows no difference between what is done and what is not to be done, when wrong is thought to be right and things thought to be that which they are not,and that wisdom is obscured in darkness